# Flutter url_launcher：打开网页、邮件、电话和短信的最佳实践 ![如何在 Flutter 中使用 url_launcher 打开网页和发送短信](https://files.ducafecat.com/docs/images/2025/11/23/bf69e0036af63e1941dd0d73a66b0e39.png) ## 视频 https://youtu.be/uGT43gZNkyc https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1G42EYcE7K/ ## 前言 > 原文 [如何在 Flutter 中使用 url_launcher 打开网页和发送短信](https://ducafecat.com/blog/flutter-url-launcher-guide) 本文介绍了如何在 Flutter 中使用 url_launcher 插件打开网页、拨打电话、发送电子邮件和发送短信，提供详细的步骤和示例代码，帮助开发者提升应用功能。 ![url_launcher 插件打开网页](https://files.ducafecat.com/docs/images/2025/11/23/e295e53e1d77b91fed1ffbd1ff8e2681.png) ## 参考 - https://pub.dev/packages/url_launcher ## 步骤 ### 依赖包： pubspec.yaml ```yaml dependencies: url_launcher: ^6.3.0 ``` ### IOS： ios/Runner/Info.plist ```xml LSApplicationQueriesSchemes https sms tel ``` > 加入你需要的协议头 `https` `sms` `tel`。 ### Android： android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml ```xml ``` > android 下加入请求头协议。 ### launchUrl 调用： - 打开网址 ```dart Future onOpenUrl(String url, {LaunchMode? mode}) async { Uri uri = Uri.parse(url); if (!await canLaunchUrl(uri)) { throw Exception('Could not launch $url'); } if (!await launchUrl( uri, mode: mode ?? LaunchMode.platformDefault, )) { throw Exception('Could not launch $url'); } } ``` - 编码参数 ```dart String? encodeQueryParameters(Map params) { return params.entries .map((e) => '${Uri.encodeComponent(e.key)}=${Uri.encodeComponent(e.value)}') .join('&'); } ``` - 发送邮件 ```dart Future onSendMail(String to, String subject, String body) async { final Uri uri = Uri( scheme: 'mailto', path: to, query: encodeQueryParameters({ 'subject': subject, 'body': body, }), ); if (!await canLaunchUrl(uri)) { throw Exception('Could not launch $to'); } if (!await launchUrl(uri)) { throw Exception('Could not launch $to'); } } ``` - 发送短信 ```dart Future onSendSMS(String phone, String body) async { final Uri uri = Uri( scheme: 'sms', path: phone, queryParameters: { 'body': body, }, ); if (!await canLaunchUrl(uri)) { throw Exception('Could not launch sms $phone'); } if (!await launchUrl(uri)) { throw Exception('Could not launch sms $phone'); } } ``` ### 视图代码： ```dart Widget _buildView() { return Center( child: Column( children: [ // url ElevatedButton( onPressed: () => onOpenUrl("https://baidu.com"), child: const Text('打开 baidu.com'), ), // url app 内打开 ElevatedButton( onPressed: () => onOpenUrl( "https://baidu.com", mode: LaunchMode.inAppWebView, ), child: const Text('APP 内，打开 baidu.com'), ), // url app 内打开 ElevatedButton( onPressed: () => onOpenUrl( "https://baidu.com", mode: LaunchMode.externalApplication, ), child: const Text('外部，打开 baidu.com'), ), // email ElevatedButton( onPressed: () => onSendMail("ducafecat@gmail.com", "邮件标题", "邮件正文"), child: const Text('发送邮件'), ), // sms ElevatedButton( onPressed: () => onSendSMS("+1234567890", "短信正文"), child: const Text('发送短信'), ), ], ), ); } ``` ```dart @override Widget build(BuildContext context) { return Scaffold( appBar: AppBar( title: const Text('url_launcher'), ), body: _buildView(), ); } ``` ## 代码 [本文配套代码](https://github.com/ducafecat/flutter_develop_tips/tree/main/flutter_application_url_launcher) ## 小结在本文中，我们详细介绍了 Flutter 中 `url_launcher` 插件的使用方法，包括如何打开网页、拨打电话、发送电子邮件和发送短信。通过具体的示例和最佳实践，开发者可以轻松实现这些功能，从而提升应用的用户体验。希望本文能为你提供实用的参考，帮助你在 Flutter 开发中高效使用 `url_launcher` 插件。感谢阅读本文如果有什么建议，请在评论中让我知道。我很乐意改进。 --- ## flutter 学习路径 - [Flutter 优秀插件推荐](https://flutter.ducafecat.com) - [Flutter 基础篇1 - Dart 语言学习](https://ducafecat.com/course/dart-learn) - [Flutter 基础篇2 - 快速上手](https://ducafecat.com/course/flutter-quickstart-learn) - [Flutter 实战1 - Getx Woo 电商APP](https://ducafecat.com/course/flutter-woo) - [Flutter 实战2 - 上架指南 Apple Store、Google Play](https://ducafecat.com/course/flutter-upload-apple-google) - [Flutter 基础篇3 - 仿微信朋友圈](https://ducafecat.com/course/flutter-wechat) - [Flutter 实战3 - 腾讯即时通讯第一篇](https://ducafecat.com/course/flutter-tim) - [Flutter 实战4 - 腾讯即时通讯第二篇](https://ducafecat.com/course/flutter-tim-s2) --- © 猫哥 ducafecat.com end

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